Document Type
Article
Journal/Book Title/Conference
Cell Reports
Volume
25
Issue
5
Publisher
Elsevier
Publication Date
10-30-2018
Award Number
USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) 2018-67018-27509
Funder
USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA)
First Page
1359
Last Page
1370
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Abstract
NAD+ is essential for redox reactions in energy metabolism and necessary for DNA repair and epigenetic modification. Humans require sufficient amounts of dietary niacin (nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and nicotinamide riboside) for adequate NAD+ synthesis. In contrast, mice easily generate sufficient NAD+ solely from tryptophan through the kynurenine pathway. We show that transgenic mice with inducible expression of human alpha-amino-beta-carboxy-muconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) become niacin dependent similar to humans when ACMSD expression is high. On niacin-free diets, these acquired niacin dependency (ANDY) mice developed reversible, mild-to-severe NAD+ deficiency, depending on the nutrient composition of the diet. NAD deficiency in mice contributed to behavioral and health changes that are reminiscent of human niacin deficiency. This study shows that ACMSD is a key regulator of mammalian dietary niacin requirements and NAD+ metabolism and that the ANDY mouse represents a versatile platform for investigating pathologies linked to low NAD+ levels in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Recommended Citation
Palzer, Laura, et al. "Alpha-Amino-Beta-Carboxy-Muconate-Semialdehyde Decarboxylase Controls Dietary Niacin Requirements for NAD+ Synthesis". Cell Reports, vol. 25, no. 5, 2018, pp. 1359-1370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.091
