Date of Award:

5-1-1997

Document Type:

Dissertation

Degree Name:

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department:

Biology

Committee Chair(s)

Anne J. Anderson

Committee

Anne J. Anderson

Committee

David B. Drown

Committee

Thomas A. Grover

Committee

Bradley R. Kropp

Committee

Lance C. Seefeldt

Abstract

A strain of Trichoderma harzianum (referred to as Tex) and its chemically generated mutant, T95, produced antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The mutant and wild type had similar enzyme activity levels but differed in isozyme patterns and response to exogenous activated oxygen species. Superoxide dismutases had manganese and copper-zinc prosthetic groups, determined by selective inactivation with sodium azide, potassium cyanide, diethyldithiocarbamate, and hydrogen peroxide. Catalases from Tex and T95 were inhibited by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Antioxidant enzymes may be important in survival of T. harzianum and its effective biocontrol of root diseases. In its role as a biocontrol agent, T. harzianum occupies the rhizosphere, where contact with toxic oxygen species from plants, soil microbes, or pesticides may occur. Tex and T95 protected sugar beets from seedling diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani under laboratory conditions. Both strains colonized the sugar beet rhizosphere under laboratory conditions, higher populations of T95 were recovered than Tex. Field soils in which no disease was established in sugar beets with added virulent R. solani had high populations of naturally occurring Trichoderma species.

Included in

Toxicology Commons

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