Flags of Our Fathers: Voting on Confederate Symbols in the State of Georgia

Document Type

Article

Journal/Book Title/Conference

Public Choice

Volume

131

Publication Date

2007

First Page

83

Last Page

99

Abstract

Participants in a special election held in the State of Georgia on 2 March 2004 voted overwhelmingly in favor of adopting a newly designed state flag that no longer incorporated a divisive Confederate symbol. We analyze the legislative politicking that defined the voters' options as well as the outcome of popular voting on the flag design across Georgia's 159 counties. We find the referendum's results to have been determined largely by demography (education, race, and population density) and by the level of support in 2002 for the two gubernatorial candidates who played significant roles in the flag controversy.

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