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Abstract

Many countries are applying new, ecosystem-based approaches in management of lands and natural resources. In the United States, policies and practices of "ecosystems management" are significantly changing management of public forests and rangelands. The changes originate from public dissatisfaction with land-management planning and practices, and from growing concern for the health, diversity, and sustainability of forest and rangeland ecosystems. Ecosystem management emphasizes ecological processes and strives to work with, rather than against, the natural dynamics that shape and sustain ecological systems. It takes a big-picture perspective on land and resources management, and furthers understanding of ecological systems and management effects through an adaptive-management approach. Ecosystem management recognizes people who have a stake in the outcomes of management. Ecosystem management calls for better understanding of how ecosystems work, innovative management approaches, and a generous dose of humility.

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