The USA Patriot Act’s Differential Impact on Large and Small Banks: Evidence from California’s High-Risk Money Laundering and Related Financial Crime Areas
Document Type
Article
Journal/Book Title/Conference
Journal of Banking Regulation
Volume
13
Issue
2
Publication Date
2012
First Page
127
Last Page
146
Abstract
The anti-money laundering (AML) provisions of the USA Patriot Act of 2001 significantly expanded the private sector's role in disrupting the financial operations of terrorist groups and criminal organizations. In doing so, the law imposed substantial compliance costs on the financial services industry as a whole. In this study, we investigate whether enforcement of the new AML measures has also caused some commercial banks and thrifts to shoulder heavier compliance-cost burdens than others. Using a dataset comprising banking institutions that hold at least one-third of their total deposits within California counties designated as ‘high-risk money laundering and related financial crime areas’, the empirical results indicate that AML compliance costs have fallen disproportionately on smaller financial institutions, suggesting that the Patriot Act has produced an intra-industry redistribution of wealth.
Recommended Citation
“The USA Patriot Act’s Differential Impact on Large and Small Banks: Evidence from California’s High-Risk Money Laundering and Related Financial Crime Areas” (with Burak Dolar), Journal of Banking Regulation 13(2) (2012), pp. 127–146.
