Date of Award:

5-2015

Document Type:

Thesis

Degree Name:

Master of Arts (MA)

Department:

History

Committee Chair(s)

Victoria Grieve

Committee

Victoria Grieve

Committee

David Rich Lewis

Committee

Judson Finley

Abstract

The fur trade in the Pacific Northwest, a region encompassing Oregon, Washington, Idaho, the western half of Montana, and British Columbia, supplied the needed ingredients for the formation of a distinctive identity to form among the mixed heritage children born to indigenous women and men of the fur trade. This thesis examined how this identity formed in some the leading families of the time. The MacDonald’s, McKay’s, and the Tolmie’s all embraced both sides of their parental cultures and used them to create and defend their own sense of identity and community. Language was an important aspect of this new culture. The combination of indigenous and European words and phrases, based on the language of the Lower Chinooks, was the foundation of group identity within the mixed heritage community. Kinship ties also brought together this community. It connected them to both indigenous and European communities and created bonds with each other. As American colonialism entered the region, this community pulled together and used both sides of their heritage to defend their rights as a mixed heritage community.

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13dd0d53bc7c9506c4f1a6c49bffdec3

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