Document Type

Article

Journal/Book Title

American Journal of Perinatology

Publisher

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.

Publication Date

3-6-2020

Volume

38

Issue

10

First Page

1

Last Page

17

Abstract

Objective—To model the association between gestational age at birth and early child development through 3 years of age.

Study Design—Development of 5868 children in Upstate KIDS (New York State; 2008–2014) was assessed at 7 time-points using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). The ASQ was implemented using gestational age corrected dates of birth at 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months. Whether children were eligible for developmental services from the Early Intervention Program (EIP) was determined through linkage. Gestational age was based on vital records. Statistical models adjusted for covariates including sociodemographic factors, maternal smoking and plurality.

Results——Compared to gestational age of 39 weeks, adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals of failing the ASQ for children delivered at < 32, 32–34, 35–36, 37, 38, and 40 weeks gestational age were: 5.32 (3.42, 8.28), 2.43 (1.60, 3.69), 1.38 (1.00, 1.90), 1.37 (0.98, 1.90), 1.29 (0.99, 1.67), 0.73 (0.55, 0.96), and 0.51 (0.32, 0.82). Similar risks of being eligible for EIP services were observed (aOR: 4.19, 2.10, 1.29, 1.20, 1.01, 1.00 (ref), 0.92, 0.78, respectively for < 32, 32–34, 37, 38, 39 (ref), 40, 41 weeks).

Conclusion—Gestational age was inversely associated with developmental delays for all gestational ages. Evidence from our study is potentially informative for low-risk deliveries at 39 weeks but it is notable that deliveries at 40 weeks exhibited further lower risk.

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