Date of Award:

5-1-1978

Document Type:

Thesis

Degree Name:

Master of Science (MS)

Department:

Biology

Department name when degree awarded

Life Sciences:Biology

Committee Chair(s)

W. A. Brindley

Committee

W. A. Brindley

Committee

Austin B. Haws

Committee

R. K. Olsen

Abstract

For both sexes of leafcutter bee, the susceptibility of carbofuran, croneton and aminocarb insecticides was found to be age-dependent. The bees became more susceptible to the insecticides as the adults aged. The LD50 values for carbofuran toxicity to 1- and 4-day old male and female bees were 1.02, 0.5 (males), 1.6 and 0.78 (females) μ g/g respectively; for aminocarb 1.5, 1.3 (males) 1.9 and 1.5 (females) μ g/g; for croneton 31.02, 23.8 (males), 52.14 and 28 (females) μ g/g, and landrin to 1-day old female bees, 29.3 μ g/g. One- and four-day old males or females were susceptible to carbofuran and aminocarb but they were very tolerant of croneton and landrin. The synergist difference (SD) values were measured. They are the LD50 values of the insecticide alone minus LD50 values of the insecticide after piperonyl butoxide. The percent dependency on microsomal mixed function oxidases detoxifying the four carbamates was determined based upon the theoretical SD which was calculated by the equation log LD50 = 1.01 log SD-0.01. The percent dependency values were 43 and 53 for 1-day old males with carbofuran and aminocarb, 48, 98, and 92% for 4-day old males with carbofuran, aminocarb, and croneton, 49, 21, and 86% for 1-day old females with carbofuran, aminocarb, and landrin, and 28 and 7% for 4-day old female with carbofuran and aminocarb. Except for 4-day old males with carbofuran (98%), 1-day old males with croneton (92%), and 1-day old females (86%) with landrin, the percent dependency values were less than 60%. Further bioassay and biochemical studies are necessary to determine if these dependency values truly reflect the contribution of microsomal mixed function oxidases to the tolerance of the insects.

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