Date of Award

5-2001

Degree Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Departmental Honors

Department

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences

Department name when degree awarded

Nutrition and Food Sciences, Dietetics

Abstract

Objectives: Define phytochemicals as currently recognized in the United States and discuss food sources. Identify aims and challenges of current research. Review touted health effects of phytochemicals in cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), immune function, and other benefits. Present dietary recommendations. Methods: A literature search was conducted through Medline to find peer-reviewed journal articles from the past five years. Articles were found that identified the compounds and highlighted recent research relating phytochemicals to disease. The review of literature focused on an introductory understanding of phytochemicals. Results: Studies show that phytochemicals are undefined under current U.S. food regulations. They are biologically active plant compounds considered "semi-essential." Due to research challenges, most researchers are still in the process of identifying the compounds and their health benefits. The majority of research is concentrated on the benefits of phytochemicals related to cancer and CVD. Less research has been conducted on the immune system and other various health advantages. Optimal intake, safety of consuming high levels, and benefits of long-term intake are unknown. Dietary recommendations include frequent consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains within a normal range. Conclusions: A vast number of phytochemicals have been identified and studied for their health benefits. Further research is needed to discover additional compounds and establish optimal intakes. A diet in which herbs are used generously to flavor food, and fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are consumed in a normal range, will provide a variety of active phytochemicals that promote health and protect against chronic disease.

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Faculty Mentor

Not Specified