Performance of Prunus rootstocks in the 2001 NC-140 peach trial

Document Type

Article

Journal/Book Title/Conference

Acta Horticulturae

Volume

903

Publication Date

2011

First Page

463

Last Page

468

Abstract

Fourteen Prunus rootstock cultivars and selections budded with either ‘Redtop’, ‘Redhaven’ or ‘Cresthaven’ peach were planted at 11 locations in North America in 2001 in a randomized block design with a tree spacing of 5 by 6 m and 8 replicates. This test planting was a NC-140 Cooperative Regional Rootstock Project (www.nc140.org). There were 14 rootstocks, which included three peach seedling rootstocks: ‘Lovell’, ‘Bailey’, and Guardian® ‘BY520-9’ [selection SC-17] and 11 clonal rootstocks. Clonal rootstocks included peach × almond hybrids ‘BH-4’ and ‘SLAP’ (‘Cornerstone’); peach × plum hybrids ‘K146-43’ (‘Controller 5’), ‘K146-44’, and ‘P30-135’ (‘Controller 9’); interspecific plum hybrids ‘Hiawatha’, ‘Jaspi’ and ‘Julior’; interspecific Prunus hybrids ‘Cadaman®’ and ‘VVA-1’ (Krymsk® 1); and Prunus pumila selection ‘Pumiselect®’. The largest trees were from Georgia, Maryland, and South Carolina. ‘BH-4’, ‘SLAP’, SC-17, Lovell, and ‘Cadaman®’ were the most vigorous rootstocks. ‘Jaspi’, ‘K146-43’, ‘K146-44’ and ‘VVA-1’ were the least vigorous, having trunk circumferences 30-40% smaller than Lovell. No rootstock had a significantly higher survival rate than Lovell at all locations. ‘Julior’, ‘Jaspi’, and ‘VVA-1’ had significantly more root suckers. Cumulative fruit yields were highest on the peach seedling, peach × almond, and ‘Cadaman®’ rootstocks. Lowest cumulative yields were from trees on ‘Jaspi’, ‘VVA-1’, and ‘K146-44’ rootstocks. Fruit weight was significantly larger on ‘BH-4’, ‘SLAP’ and ‘Bailey’ rootstocks. ‘Bailey’ and ‘Jaspi’ had the highest and lowest cumulative yield efficiency, respectively.

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