Class
Article
College
Emma Eccles Jones College of Education and Human Services
Department
Kinesiology & Health Sciences
Faculty Mentor
Justin Julander
Presentation Type
Poster Presentation
Abstract
The yellow fever virus (YFV) is a flavivirus found mainly in South America and Africa. Infection may result in fever, chills, jaundice, nausea, and vomiting. Outbreaks may have up to 50% case mortality. Although Yellow Fever (YF) is a highly preventable disease through the use of an effective vaccine, there are no approved antivirals for this disease. An effective antiviral is necessary to treat infected individuals in areas where the YF vaccine was not used and an outbreak of YF occurs. In this study, female Syrian golden hamsters were infected with YFV and treated with YFV-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Weight change, survival rates, viral titers, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were used as parameters of disease. All mAbs significantly improved survival rate (P < 0.001), with mAbs A, B, C, and F protecting all treated hamsters. Analysis of weight change between 4-and 6-days post infection (dpi) showed significance (P < .001) for hamsters treated with mAbs A-F. Viral titers from serum collected 6 dpi showed reduction of viral load to baseline in hamsters treated with mAbs A-D (P < 0.001), moderate reduction (P < 0.05) when treated with mAb E, and intermediate (P < 0.01) reduction when treated with mAb F. Serum-ALT was significantly (P < 0.001) improved in hamsters treated with mAbs A-E, but only moderate improvement for mAb F (P < 0.05). Analysis of all parameters show that A, B, and C were the most potent mAbs evaluated in this study with significant (P < 0.001) reduction of all disease parameters and protection from mortality. Further studies are warranted to determine if mAbs A, B, and C are viable options for clinical use. Presentation Time: Thursday, 1-2 p.m.
Location
Logan, UT
Start Date
4-12-2021 12:00 AM
Efficacy of a YFV-Specific Monoclonal Antibody in the Treatment of YF in a Hamster Model
Logan, UT
The yellow fever virus (YFV) is a flavivirus found mainly in South America and Africa. Infection may result in fever, chills, jaundice, nausea, and vomiting. Outbreaks may have up to 50% case mortality. Although Yellow Fever (YF) is a highly preventable disease through the use of an effective vaccine, there are no approved antivirals for this disease. An effective antiviral is necessary to treat infected individuals in areas where the YF vaccine was not used and an outbreak of YF occurs. In this study, female Syrian golden hamsters were infected with YFV and treated with YFV-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Weight change, survival rates, viral titers, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were used as parameters of disease. All mAbs significantly improved survival rate (P < 0.001), with mAbs A, B, C, and F protecting all treated hamsters. Analysis of weight change between 4-and 6-days post infection (dpi) showed significance (P < .001) for hamsters treated with mAbs A-F. Viral titers from serum collected 6 dpi showed reduction of viral load to baseline in hamsters treated with mAbs A-D (P < 0.001), moderate reduction (P < 0.05) when treated with mAb E, and intermediate (P < 0.01) reduction when treated with mAb F. Serum-ALT was significantly (P < 0.001) improved in hamsters treated with mAbs A-E, but only moderate improvement for mAb F (P < 0.05). Analysis of all parameters show that A, B, and C were the most potent mAbs evaluated in this study with significant (P < 0.001) reduction of all disease parameters and protection from mortality. Further studies are warranted to determine if mAbs A, B, and C are viable options for clinical use. Presentation Time: Thursday, 1-2 p.m.