Document Type
Article
Journal/Book Title/Conference
PLoS ONE
Author ORCID Identifier
J. David Blount https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3208-2947
Austin M. Green https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7443-3015
Josip Kusak https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-6486
Volume
20
Issue
5
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Publication Date
5-14-2025
Journal Article Version
Version of Record
First Page
1
Last Page
19
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Abstract
Occupancy and N-mixture analyses have been successfully used to understand habitat use in various species. However, since these methods fundamentally answer different questions about wildlife distribution, the results from each modelling approach may provide different insights into species’ habitat use. In this study, we leveraged data from a long-term camera trapping study in northeastern Türkiye to compare the results from occupancy and N-mixture analyses, with the main objective of understanding how the modelling approach used can influence our knowledge of species’ habitat use. Specifically, we compared the habitat use preferences from N-mixture and occupancy analyses for three carnivore species with varying baseline abundances. Our results provide evidence that occupancy and N-mixture analyses provide different insights into species’ sensitivity to environmental and anthropogenic factors. Whereas occupancy analysis provides a relatively broad summary of the factors that affect where a species may or may not be located on a landscape or which areas they may be more likely to use over a certain time period, N-mixture modelling may provide insights into the factors that affect the degree of use at individual sites, with particular emphasis on being able to deduce small-scale changes in habitat use across a landscape. Furthermore, while the detection probability of an occupancy analysis has been formally used as a measure of site use intensity, N-Mixture models may offer higher resolution of the quantity of use. Therefore, as these two methods tend to investigate habitat use at different spatial scales, when used in conjunction they can provide a more refined understanding of species’ habitat use through repeat-survey sampling methods like camera trapping.
Recommended Citation
Blount JD, Green AM, Chynoweth M, Çoban E, Kusak J, Şekercioğlu ÇH (2025) Combining N-mixture and occupancy analysis offers a more complete picture of carnivore habitat use in Northeastern Türkiye. PLoS One 20(5): e0320768. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320768